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How To Choose The Proper Fiber Optic Connector For Your FTTH Installation by

Fiber optic connectors can be divided into three groups: simplex, duplex and multiple fiber connectors.

Simplex connector means only one fiber is terminated in the connector. Simplex connectors include FC, ST, SC, LC, MU and SMA.

Duplex connector means two fibers are terminated in the connector. Duplex connectors include SC, LC, MU and MT-RJ. (Note: SC, LC and MU connectors have both simplex and duplex version)

Multiple fiber connector means more than two fibers (for up to 24 fiber) are terminated in the connector. These are usually ribbon fibers with fiber count of 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24. The most popular ribbon fiber connector is MT connector.

Now let's examine each type of connector closely.

:: FC Connector

FC stands for Fixed Connection and it was developed by Japanese company NEC (Nippon Electric Co.). It has a screw on locking mechanism and is more popular in single mode applications than in multimode applications. FC connectors are popular in test environments and long haul applications. FC was once the most popular connector but now is being replaced by SC and LC connectors. FC connector is available only in simplex version.

Advantages: lowest insertion loss, excellent repeatability

Disadvantage: Bulky, simplex version only, screw-on mechanism is hard to operate in a busy telecom closet.

:: ST Connector

ST stands for Straight Tip. ST connector has a bayonet twist locking mechanism and was developed by AT&T in the 1980s. ST connectors were predominant in the early 1990s but now they are being replaced by SC and LC connectors. ST connectors are most common for multimode applications. ST connectors are available in simplex version only.

Advantages: ST connector can be easily inserted and removed thanks to its spring-loaded bayonet locking mechanism.

Disadvantages: Its locking mechanism design are both a bless and a curse. You have to make sure the connector is seated in its socket securely and properly. It may be necessary to remove and reconnect your ST connector if you experience high insertion loss. But if you did it correctly, less than 0.3dB connection loss could be easily achieved.

:: SC Connector

SC stands for Subscriber Connector and was developed by Japanese company NTT. It is a square shaped push/pull type connector with a snap-in locking mechanism. Because of its easy locking mechanism and excellent repeatability, SC connector has become the dominant connector since late 1990s, especially in multimode applications. SC connectors are available in both simplex and duplex version.

Advantages: Easy push/pull snap-in locking mechanism, low cost, excellent repeatability, low insertion loss

Disadvantages: Bulky footprint. Modern high speed fiber optic networks need more compact connectors. LC connector is almost half the size of a SC connector and is becoming more popular, especially in single mode applications.

:: LC Connector

LC stands for Lucent Connector and it was developed by Lucent. This is a small form factor connector that occupies only half the size of a SC connector. LC connector looks much like a miniature SC connector. It also has the same push/pull snap-in type locking mechanism. LC has become the most favored connector for single mode applications.

Advantages: Easy push/pull snap-in locking mechanism, excellent repeatability, low insertion loss, small form factor

:: MT-RJ Connector

MT-RJ stands for Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack. MT-RJ is available in duplex only. It houses two fibers in half the size of a SC connector. MT-RJ connectors come in pair of male and female type. Male MT-RJ connector has two guiding pins and female type has two guiding holes. Male and Female MT-RJ connectors are mated together by plugging the guiding pins into the holes.

:: MT Connector

MT connector is designed for ribbon fiber applications. It can hold 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 and up to 72 fibers in a square shaped footprint. One MT compatible connector is called MTP connector which is manufactured by US Conec.

Advantages: MT connector provides much higher connection density than any other type of connectors. This makes it the excellent choice for patch panel, routing applications.

Colin Yao is an expert on fiber optic networking technologies. Find out even more about LC patch cables, SC LC patch cable and LC LC patch cable on Fiber Optics For Sale Co. web site.

Article Source: http://www.earticlesonline.com/Article/How-To-Choose-The-Proper-Fiber-Optic-Connector-For-Your-FTTH-Installation/300829

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Weighing the Alternatives for Startup Internet Business' Keyword Research

When it comes to identifying all relevant keywords, should we try to do it ourselves or is it better to hire an experienced company or freelancers to perform this mission?

A number of related issues go into the answer to that core question. Here are some of the most significant of those related variables:

1. The depth of your knowledge concerning directly and tangently related keywords

2. Access to the tools that are available to assist in this process

3. Familiarity with using those keyword research tools

4. Your knowledge concerning determining which keywords are actually beneficial from a business perspective

5. The overall amount of money that you have available for business development

Glancing at those five, notice that they boil down to how much you have studied the process of keyword research and whether the outsourcing alternative is within your financial resources. Let me address each of those in a bit more detail.

Your Familiarity with Keyword Research

Identifying relevant keywords and phrases is as important as any other part of your new business. In fact, it is more important than most of your planning. The lengthy list that you generate is central to all of your marketing efforts in the short and long term. The tactics impacted include your article marketing, your search engine optimization, your paid advertising and your copywriting. The entire future of you business is directly related to the quality of your keyword research.

There are many tools available online. Some are free to use, such as Google's tool; others are not. It is important to use multiple tools for your research, because results will different based upon the databases that the tools consult and the formulas with which they conduct their searches. You must study the various keyword research software options.

Most of the tools are relatively easy to use, but the interpretation of your results can be difficult unless you have experience in doing so. Not all of the keywords that are uncovered are of equal value to a business, and the number of searches for any given keyword does not necessarily make that keyword of greater importance to you than another term or phrase for which there may be substantially fewer searches.

Budget

I believe that even if your funds are limited, keyword research is so important that, if you are not capable of conducting and interpreting the study, this is a place to spend those precious financial resources. The cost of a keyword research package is rather modest when you consider the potential return on that investment. I recommend that, if you do hire professionals for this task, that you make sure that they also do a competitive analysis of your industry or niche and offer advice concerning how to use the findings of the study to your competitive advantage.

Sometimes, although not always, researching keywords is part of an overall search engine optimization (SEO) package. Consequently, if you plan to invest in such a large scale purchase, there is usually no point in buying a keyword or niche research package as well. If you choose to go this route, make sure you understand exactly how thorough your SEO company will be.

Bottom line: You can do this task yourself if you already know a great deal about the process (or are willing to take the time to learn what you need to) and if you have the critical tools.

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